Toba
Indonesia · Caldera · 2.61, 98.84 · volcano number 261090
Nothing above background is currently reported at this system. For a volcano outside the United States and Japan that means only that it is not in the Smithsonian's weekly report, not that it is quiet.
What this system is
| Type | Caldera |
|---|---|
| Country | Indonesia |
| Position | 2.61, 98.84 |
| Why it is on this list | named supereruption |
What this rests on
The Toba eruption about 74,000 years ago is estimated at VEI 8 and is the largest known explosive eruption on Earth in the last 25 million years.
That sentence is ours. A fuller account, with its own citations, is where to check it. It was a quotation from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program until September 2026, when their terms stopped being compatible with a site carrying advertising.
Who watches it
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) monitors this system and publishes its alert level. https://magma.esdm.go.id/v1
In an eruption, that observatory is the authority. This page follows it; it does not compete with it.
Other systems tracked
Where these numbers come from
National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Volcanic Eruptions Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. doi:10.7289/V5JW8BSH Licence: NOAA NCEI: access to this dataset is unrestricted (US federal work, public domain). Positions and eruption records come from that database; the sentence above is ours. Alert levels come from the publishing observatory.